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Methods for detecting cognitive deficits in preschool children
Hronová, Veronika ; Šírová, Eva (advisor) ; Mertin, Václav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with methods for detecting cognitive deficits in preschool children. The theoretical part aims on cognitive level of preschool children and cognitive deficits, which can occure at this age. There are described diagnostic methods, which are used in the Czech Republic in order to detect cognitive deficits in preschool children. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on dynamic testing and its comparsion with classical intelligence tests. The empirical part contains design of an experimental study. The purpose of the study is to verify the effectivity of ACFS, a new method of dynamic testing, in long-term perspective. Keywords: diagnostic methods, cognitive deficits, preschool children, dynamic testing
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Food allergies in preschool children
Tomíšková, Markéta ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
1 Food allergies in children are common (affecting up to 8% of children) and their prevalence has been increasing in the last two to three decades. The basic measure for the long-term management of food allergy is an elimination diet, i.e. the exclusion of the relevant allergen from the diet. An elimination diet can disrupt and endanger healthy growth and development of a child. Therefore, it is important that elimination diets with a serious impact on the patient's diet are based on a medically confirmed diagnosis of food allergy. Preschool children eat to a significant extent outside their homes - 60 % of their diet is provided by the nursery school. The aim of the work is to provide parents of children with suspected or actual food allergy practical recommendations regarding their nutrition in the form of educational material, using the latest theoretical knowledge and with emphasis on food elimination only on the basis of proven food allergy and help to parents regarding nutrition of allergic children in nursery school. The main output of the work consists of educational material in Annex 2 of the thesis. The educational material will help to increase parents' awareness of food allergy and the need to confirm it by an allergist, especially in cases of risk of serious reactions and serious effects on the...
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Benefit of language skills training according to Elkonin for children's language skills
Šišková, Dorota ; Nováková Schöffelová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Málková, Gabriela (referee)
Phonemic awareness which will be discussed in the diploma thesis is considered to be one of the important predictors of future success in reading and writing. In the theoretical part, we define basic concepts, focus on predictors of reading and writing and the phonological deficit in child development. The research part is conceived as a quasi-experiment in which we monitor the impact of Trénink jazykových schopností dle D. B. Elkonin on the language skills of preschool children. Our goal of the thesis is to evaluate the effect of the Czech adaptation of the intervention program for children and to capture the changes as a result of the implementation of this intervention program. The research sample consists of an experimental group and a control group. Before and after completing the intervention, the children were tested and measured for their level of phonemic awareness (specifically, a test of isolation of the first and last sounds, synthesis of sounds). Children from the experimental group were also measured with a sentence repetition test. The results of the research investigation showed a positive effect of the subject intervention in the area of children's language development. Children who were weak in the area of their language development before the training showed significantly better...
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Preschool child in children's home
SRBENÁ, Jana
This bachelor's thesis examines the specific characteristics of upbringing and education of children from a children's home and their adaptation to kindergarten from the point of view of preschool teachers. Concepts related to this topic are described in the theoretical part. These are the concepts of adaptation, factors influencing the child during adaptation, children's home and reasons for placement in a children's home. The practical part describes the specifics and potential problems encountered by pre-school teachers during the adaptation, upbringing and education of children from the children's home. These data were obtained through interviews with preschool teachers who have experience working with preschool children from a children's home.
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Media habits of kids in age of 5-6 years
Knejflová, Vendula ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Supa, Markéta (referee)
The thesis Media habits of children aged 5-6 examines the media awareness of 5 and 6 years old children, their media habits and preferences. It deals with the attitudes of parents and educators towards the media and their role in education, and seeks an answer the question of whether the popularity and use of electronic visual media (television, computer, mobile/tablet) has an impact on some areas of a child's psychomotor development. The work is inspired by a similar research conducted in 2010 by Ondřej Luštinec. The aim is to answer what is the media awareness of children, what are their media preferences and what attitudes are taken by parents and pedagogical staff towards the media in education. Several hypotheses were established, e.g. that children with worse results in the monitored areas will more often choose visual electronic media as their favorite and printed media with radio as unpopular, that children with worse results will spend more time with visual electronic media and that children will spend more time with them than in 2010. The current research was carried out in June 2022 and in January 2023 in kindergartens in Kyselka, Velvary, Čakovice and in Prague - Opletalova street. Qualitative methods (interviews and experiments with children) and quantitative methods (questionnaires...
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Options of Motivation to Exercise in Preschool Children with Diastasis Recti Abdominis
Červenková, Anna ; Knotková, Edita (advisor) ; Tichá, Monika (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT First name and surname: Anna Červenková Supervisor: Mgr. Edita Knotková Title of the bachelor thesis: Options of Motivation to Exercise in Preschool Children with Diastasis Recti Abdominis Abstract: Motivation is one of the factors that affects the outcome of physical therapy, Motivation increases patient compliance during therapy and the associated adherence to exercise outside therapy. This thesis deals with the motivation to exercise and movement in general in preschool children. The goal was to search for possible motivational options that can be used to motivate children to move and then select those that correspond to the conditions of physical therapy. The practical part of this thesis is research, in which the influence of selected motivational options (motivational graphic cards and non-directive therapy) on children's motivation was examined. The children completed two individual therapies with the same exercises. The first took place without motivational options and the second with them. Motivation was assessed as the children's cooperation with the therapist (using a questionnaire for parents), the duration of the total therapy (by measuring time) and the children's subjective assessment (by graphic scale). 27 probands diagnosed with diastasis recti abdominis, on whom...
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Balancing openness in parents' communication with young children
Večeřová, Eliška ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
The thesis aims to explore a phenomenon observed among some contemporary parents: openness in communication with their young children is an important value for them, but on several topics they hesitate whether it is also appropriate in this case or modify it in some way. Based on a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with parents of preschool children, the work provides a concrete description of how parents balance their openness in communication about sex, Baby Jesus, death and war, relationships and emotions, as well as in parenting. Subsequently, it presents the common patterns of this balancing across communication topics, describes the motivations, boundaries and barriers to parents' openness in communication, and shows the role of the parent's experience and factors on the child's side. It also describes interpersonal balancing with partners, grandparents and in the context of society. KEYWORDS open communication, balancing openness, parents, preschool children, communication about sex, communication about death, communication about relationships and emotions, open communication in upbringing, upbringing
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Towards the systematic support of the early literacy development in preschool age
Šedinová, Petra ; Málková, Gabriela (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Vitásková, Kateřina (referee)
This study evaluates the benefits of short-term, relatively intensively implemented training programme aimed at enhancing the development of pre-reading skills (specifically phoneme awareness and letter knowledge) in the last year of kindergarten. The evaluation of the benefits is carried out in comparison with the situation without the implementation of the work methodology and with the use of available work content with content aimed at the development of graphomotor skills with commented instruction. Sixty-nine children from four kindergartens were randomly assigned to three groups: pre-reading intervention group (resp. phoneme awareness and letter knowledge intervention), graphomotor skills intervention group and no- training group. Intervention programs were implemented as a 10-week training programmes in the frequency of 3 training lessons per week. The results provide an evaluation of the variability pre-literacy pre-reading performance in regular kindergarten classes and the benefits of the evaluated training program in terms of mobilizing pre-literacy pre-reading skills before starting school. This work maps the current situation in the field of intervention/training tools, their specifics and targets literacy and key pre-literacy skills important for the development of children in the...
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Environmental education in kindergartens with different educational programmes
PLETÁNKOVÁ, Petra
In this bachelor thesis, environmental educational programs of preschools were studied. Dialogue and a premade survey became a tool for comparison of educational programs. The survey focused on the relationship of children and less favourite animals was taken by 35 pupils. Dialogue with the pupils led to ascertainment of the children's relationship to staying in nature. Results of said surveys were compared with findings of Petra Juhasová. The results were then processed and compared in relation to environmental educational programs in preschools.
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